NDNutrition Desk

Reference guides

Ten plain guides on the numbers people actually argue about, each with the published source behind it and the limits of what it tells you.

A plate of food with protein, starch and vegetablesBMI: What It Means and Its LimitsWhat body mass index actually measures, the standard BMI categories, and why the number is a starting point, not a verdict.Updated 2026-10-07An open refrigerator stocked with everyday groceriesBMR and TDEE: How Your Daily Calorie Needs Are CalculatedThe difference between basal metabolic rate and total daily energy expenditure, and the equations used to estimate the calories you actually need each day.Updated 2026-10-07A plate of food with protein, starch and vegetablesHow to Set Your MacrosA plain, step-by-step way to set your carbohydrate, fat, and protein targets from a calorie goal, using the U.S. Dietary Guidelines ranges.Updated 2026-10-07Protein-rich foods arranged on a counterProtein Goal Per DayHow much protein an adult actually needs, the minimum recommended amount, when you may need more, and how to figure out your own daily target in grams.Updated 2026-10-07A basket of fresh produceFiber Goal and How to Hit ItThe daily fiber target in grams for adults, why it matters, and practical ways to reach that number with ordinary foods.Updated 2026-10-07An open refrigerator stocked with everyday groceriesDaily Vitamins and Minerals: A Quick ReferenceA plain-language reference to the vitamins and minerals most U.S. adults should pay attention to, how Daily Values work, and who may need more.Updated 2026-10-07An open refrigerator stocked with everyday groceriesHow to Read a Nutrition Facts LabelA walk through the Nutrition Facts label: serving size, Daily Value percentages, and the fat, sodium, sugar, and fiber numbers that actually matter.Updated 2026-10-07A plate of food with protein, starch and vegetablesThe Upper Limit for Added SugarWhat counts as added sugar, the calorie-based limits the U.S. and WHO recommend, and practical ways to stay under them.Updated 2026-10-07A basket of fresh produceSodium and Blood Pressure: The Numbers That MatterThe daily sodium targets, the blood pressure numbers to know, and how the two connect in everyday eating.Updated 2026-10-07A basket of fresh produceAlcohol Units and Low-Risk LimitsWhat a standard drink or unit actually is, the low-risk limits for men and women, and how to keep track of your intake.Updated 2026-10-07